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What work types does ORCID support?

January 15, 2020 By Tom Demeranville

ORCID allows for the addition of several types of works. Below is a list of the work types that are currently supported, which is largely consistent with the CASRAI Output Standard.

Publications

Work typeUse
bookBooks written by a single author or collaboratively based on research or scholarly findings generally derived from peer reviewed funding.
book-chapterTexts written by a single author or collaboratively based on research or scholarly findings and expertise in a field.
book-reviewCritical review of works of fiction or non-fiction highlighting the contributions to an art, field or discipline.
dictionary-entryEntries of new words, new meanings of existing words, changes in spelling and hyphenation over a longer period of time, and grammatical changes.
dissertationTreatise advancing an original point of view resulting from research: a requirement for a doctoral degree. This is only available with API v2.x
dissertation-thesisA paper that is typically based on original research and that gives evidence of the candidate’s mastery both of their own subject and of scholarly method. This is only available with API v3.0+
encyclopedia-entryAuthored entries in a reference work or a compendium focusing on a particular domain or on all branches of knowledge.
edited-bookBooks edited by a single author or collaboratively for the dissemination of research or scholarly findings that generally result from peer reviewed funding.
journal-articleArticles in peer-reviewed publications that disseminate the results of original research and scholarship.
journal-issuePeriodical publications aimed at fostering intellectual debate and inquiry.
magazine articleArticles in thematic publications published at fixed intervals.
manualCourse and assignment materials produced for teaching purposes.
online-resourceInformation accessible only on the web via traditional technical methods
newsletter-articleArticles in publications aimed at researchers, decision-makers, professionals and the public that report on a research project or on the activities of a research chair or a research center.
newspaper-articleArticles in a daily, weekly or monthly publication reporting on news and social issues aimed at the public.
preprintVersion of a paper made publicly available before formal peer review and publication. This is only available with API v3.0+ 
reportReports disseminating the outcomes and deliverables of a research contract.
research-toolSeries of observations, measurements or facts identified from the research.
supervised-student-publicationArticles on research findings published jointly with or supervised by the thesis adviser.
testAssessments that include tests designed for general university selection, selection into specific courses or other evaluation purposes.
translationTranslations of books and articles that identify modifications to the original edition, such as a new or revised preface.
websiteStand-alone locations on the web where multiple types of information on a specific theme are available.
working-paperPreliminary versions of articles that have not undergone review but that may be shared for comment.

Conference

Work typeUse
conference-abstractTexts of a specified length that states the issue to be discussed in a proposed conference paper.
conference-paperPapers written alone or collaboratively, presented at an academic conference, and published in the proceedings (not in scholarly journals).
conference-posterPosters displayed in a conference setting and conveying research highlights in an efficient manner by compelling graphics.

Intellectual Property

Work typeUse
disclosurePublications that establish inventions as prior art thereby preventing others from patenting the same invention or concept.
licenseSigned agreements to exploit a piece of IP such as a process, product, data, or software.
patentA form of IP protection that defines the exclusive right by law for inventors and assignees to make use of and exploit their inventions, products or processes, for a limited period of time.
registered-copyrightRegistered ownership of rights under a system of laws for promoting both the creation of and access to artistic, literary, musical, dramatic and other creative works.
trademarkMarks such as a name, word, phrase, logo, symbol, design, image of a product or service that indicates the source and provides the right to control the use of the identifier.

Other

Work typeUse
annotationAnnotations contain comments or descriptions about another resource. This is only available with API v3.0+ 
artistic-performanceCollection of information records that, in combination, represent a full and up-to-date history of artistic or performance outputs resulting from, or related to, the person's research or scholarly activities.
data-setA series of structured observations, measurements or facts identified from the research which can be stored in a database medium.
inventionPractical and original outputs arising from research.
lecture-speechAn informative talk related to research delivered to an audience.
physical objectA specimen, sample, or other physical object used for research purposes; an inanimate three-dimensional object or substance. This is only available with API v3.0+ 
research-techniqueA practical methods or skills applied to particular tasks identified as part of the research.
softwareA program used to operate a computer or other technical device.
spin-off-companyA company set up by a Research Organization to make commercial use of the results and findings of the Research project.
standards-and-policyThe development of a rule or principle that is used as a basis for judgement.
technical-standardTechnical Standards (industrial or otherwise) that have originated from the research projects in which new protocols, methods or materials may be developed.
otherAny other type of work.

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